The prevalence of gingival recession is high in populations with high,, as well as low standards of oral hygiene 4,8,12. Although the etiology of gingival recessions remains unclear, several predisposing factors have. Management of gingival recession in the orthodontic patient. Abstract gingival recession is the term that designates the oral exposure of the root surface due to a displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cementenamel junction. The etiology and prevalence of gingival recession request pdf. The relation between the gingival recession area and smile line 6. Gingival recession with associated noncarious cervical lesions figure 4. The observation that the prevalence of gingival recession increases with age is certainly not specific to the united kingdom and has been observed in other populations, for example. Clinical evaluation was conducted by a single examiner in all teeth and involved analysis of four dental aspects mesial, buccal, distal and lingual. Gingival recession is a common condition in the adult population and is related to several undesirable conditions such as unaesthetic appearance, root caries, and hypersensitivity. Amount and thickness of existing keratinized gingiva in the area of recession 4. The prevalence was higher among female in comparison with male children and was increased, as age increased. It can lead to dental hypersensitivity, root caries, and tooth loss.
The prevalence of both labialbuccal and lingualpalatal gingival recession increased during orthodontic treatment with further increases during the longterm posttreatment period. The purpose of this article is to describe the prevalence, etiology and factors associated with gingival recession. More than 50 percent of the population has one or more sites with gingival. A sample of 640 greek adults was examined clinically and interviewed regarding several periodontal and epidemiological variables. Treatments for gingival recession include gingival grafting, guided tissue regeneration and orthodontic therapy. Gingival recession is defined as the apical shift of the gingival margin with respect to the cemento. Evaluation of prevalence and predisposing factors of gingival.
Prevalence of gingival recession and its associated etiologic. The presence and extent of gin gival recession also increased with age. From january 2014 to december 2017, 403 patients received orthodontic treatment. Gingival recession is associated with oral exposure of the root surface due to a displacement of the gingival margin apical to the cementoenamel junction. The term atrophy makes reference to all processes of cell lesion characterized by a decrease in volume and cell population of a given organ or tissue, resulting from sublethal cell aggression, such as hypoxia, mechanical compression, local reduced vascularization, among others. Sep 23, 2011 gingival recession is the displacement of the gingival soft tissue margin apical to the cementoenamel junction which results in exposure of the root surface. In this crosssectional study, a sample of 1200 students were randomly selected. Records of 205 patients 162 female, 43 male were obtained from two private practice orthodontists who were careful to avoid excessive labial movement of mandibular incisors and maxillary posterior teeth. Prevalence and etiology of gingival recession gorman 1967. Bruxism in childhood etiology, clinical diagnosis and the.
Whether the area of recession protrudes labially from the dental arch 5. Study of etiology and prevalence of gingival recession in. Although it rarely results in tooth loss, marginal tissue recession is associated with thermal and tactile sensitivity, esthetic complaints and a tendency toward. The study was a crosssectional study conducted on the patients of gingival recession who. The etiology and prevalence of gingival recession sciencedirect. Furthermore, the prevalence of gingival recession among different populations will be described. May 28, 2017 gingival recession is limited to one tooth or extends to multiple teeth 2. Management of gingival recession in the orthodontic patient dominiki chatzopoulou, dipds, mclin dent in perio eng, and ama johal, bds, phd, fds orth rcs gingival recession gr is a common periodontal condition that affects a large portion of the young and adult population and negatively affects the esthetic aspects of the smile. The most common cause for gingival recession was dental plaque accumulation 44. Etiology and prevalence of gingival recession springerlink. Pdf semilunar coronally advanced flap technique for root. The presence of gingival recession in the population has generally been associated with poor oral hygiene, periodontal disease and its management , resulting in increased loss of attachment.
Ebscohost serves thousands of libraries with premium essays, articles and other content including the etiology and prevalence of gingival recession. Gingival recession can be defined as the displacement of the marginal tissue apical to the cementoenamel junction cej see aap glossary of terms. Approximately half of the subjects examined exhibited gingival recession. Unlimited viewing of the article pdf and any associated supplements and. Traumatically using the tooth brush as well as other oral hygiene agents over delicate gingival margins on a daily basis might gradually and slowly lead to gingival recession. Gingival recession is a widespread clinical finding that can lead to discomfort, root caries and periodontal problems for some patients, yet be of no consequence for others.
Prevalence of gingival recession in dental students from. Gingival recession, classification for gingival recession, palatal recession. It is characterized by displacement of gingival margin apically from cementenamel junction cej and exposure of root surface to the oral environment. Gingival recession is the most common and undesirable condition of the gingiva and its prevalence increases with age. The etiology of the gingival recessions is associated with the gingival inflammation, mechanical factors like improper toothbrushing in the circumstances of tooth malposition, bone dehiscence, thin periodontal tissue, and aberrant frenulum.
Abstract stages in the pathogenesis of gingival recession were observed in rats in which pocketing had been induced by replacement of natural incisors with dental implants. The etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial, and its appearance is always the result of more than one. A clinical manual gingival recession is a highly prevalent problem affecting individuals of all ages worldwide. In the youngest age cohort 30 to 39 years, the prevalence of recession was 37. Jan 08, 2012 gingival recession slideshare uses cookies to improve functionality and performance, and to provide you with relevant advertising. Demographic data age and gender, tooth type, clinical crown length and form, keratinized gingiva.
Gingival recession is an unsightly condition due to root exposure. The most important factor in the etiology of dentin hypersensitivity is exposed dentin as a result of loss of enamel associated with tooth wear or trauma and or as a result of gingival recession associated with exposure of root surfaces. Recession can be defined as the displacement of the gingival margin apically from the cementoenamel junction cej, or from the former location of the cej where restorations have distorted the location or appearance of the cej. The etiology and prevalence of gingival recession perio.
Request pdf etiology and prevalence of gingival recession. More than 50 percent of the population has one or more sites with gingival recession of 1. Several other predisposing and precipitating factors have also been implicated in the etiology of gingival recession. Dental plaque, epidemiology, etiology, gingival recession, prevalence. However, it is more prevalent in the patient with the age range of 3040 and more preva. The possible pathogenesis of gingival recession baker.
The presence and extent of gingival recession also increased with age. The disease is prevalent in the patient with the age range of 2050 years. View the article pdf and any associated supplements and figures for a period of 48 hours. Theoryetiology of periodontal disease flashcards quizlet.
Apr 04, 2016 gingival recession is represented by atrophic periodontal changes. Tooth brushing it is the most common factor associated with gingival recession and also explains the relatively low levels of plaque at the sites of recession. A variety of periodontal plastic surgery procedures have been attempted in the past to treat the gingival recession deformities with varying degrees of success. To identify the influence of some possible risk factors associated with gingival recession. To quantify and analyze the prevalence and severity of the gingival recession. Prevalence and etiology of gingival recession gorman. Etiology and occurrence of gingival recession an epidemiological. Gingival recession can be localized or generalized, and be associated with one or more surfaces.
To determine the influence of different clinical and periodontal parameters on the severity of gingival recession evaluated at four periods. The prevalence of gingival recession was higher in males than in females with varying predisposing factors. Prevalence of gingival recession and study of associated. Diagnosis and treatment of gingival recession decisions in. This case report describes traditional semilunar coronally advanced flap for the treatment of recession defects on multiple adjacent teeth. Gingival recession is a common concern in patients with or without periodontal disease. Considering the adverse effects of the gingival recession, the aim of this study was to determine the prevalence and causes of mandibular incisors gingival recession in students aged 612 years, in hamadan, iran. Clinical and periodontal predictive factors of severity in. It has been proposed that recession is multifactorial, with one type being associated with anatomical factors and another type with physiological or pathological factors.
It is a common and undesirable condition that is frequently encountered in dental practices and concerns individuals of all ages throughout the world, describes the condition of. Gingival recession is displacement of marginal tissue apical to. Besides pathogenic microorganisms, genetic and environmental factors contribute to the development of this disease. Gingival recession, gingival bleeding, and dental calculus in adults 30 years of age and older in the united states, 19881994. Prevalence of gingival recession prevalence of gingival recession increases with age. Gingival recession an overview sciencedirect topics. The aim of this chapter is to summarize the different etiological factors contributing to the development of gingival recession. Studies on the incidence, prevalence, etiology and treatment of gingival recession have been published by various authors from different countries. Traumatic mechanical toothbrushing is a factor in the etiology of gingival recession. It is also known as chronic trauma, especially due to inappropriate daily brushing, and it physically wounds gingival tissues figs 2, 3, 6. The recessions were further scored following the criteria suggested by miller in 1985. Prevalence of gingival recession and its associated.
The main etiological factors for gingival recession are plaqueinduced periodontal inflammation and mechanical trauma caused by improper toothbrushing habits. Aim of the present study was to investigate the prevalence of gingival recession and related factors in teeth with low occlusal function open bite and infraversion after orthodontic treatment. Dental recession aetiology, classification and management. Gingival recession is the exposure of root surfaces due to migration of the gingival margin apical to the cementoenamel junction. To assess the prevalence of gingival recession and to investigate possible associations among gingival recession and periodontal and epidemiological variables in a sample of greek adults in a general dental practice. Although the etiology of gingival recessions remains unclear, several predisposing factors have been suggested. However, representative information about the occurrence and risk factors of gingival recession in indian population is limited. The gingival recession was assessed in 380 adult individuals aged more than 20 years and comprised both subjects being treated and looking for treatment at bauru dental school. Gingival recession is an undesirable condition resulting in root exposure which is unaesthetic and may lead to sensitivity and root caries. Dental plaque, epidemiology, etiology, gingival recession. Gingival recession in orthodontic patients 10 to 15 years. The gingival morphology and tissue biotype have an influence on the likelihood of recession occurring.
It is the most common and undesirable condition of the gingiva. A study by addy et al 1999 showed the prevalence of recession to be higher on upper canine and first pre. Periodontal plastic surgery is now an important tool in the armamentarium of the clinician treating gingival recessions, and practitioners at all levels will find. Evaluation of prevalence and predisposing factors of. Suitable conditions were thus created on the palatal aspect of the implant sockets for recession to occur. Prevalence and risk indicators among young greek adults. The prevalence of gingival recession was found in patients with both good and poor oral hygiene. Request pdf the etiology and prevalence of gingival recession gingival recession in its localized or generalized form is an undesirable condition resulting in root exposure. Dentists should be knowledgeable about the etiology, prevalence and associating factors of gingival recession, as well as treatment options, so that appropriate treatment modalities can be offered to patients. Biofilms that colonize the oral cavity are among the most complex of nature. Pdf prevalence of gingival recession and associated risk. Gingival recession, prevalence, risk factors, young adults. The etiology of gingival recession is multifactorial, and its appearance is always the result of more than one factor acting together. Gingival recession is t he exposure of root surfaces due to migration of the gingival margin apical to the cementoenamel.
Their gingival recession and related factors before and after treatment were retrospectively analyzed. Gingival recession is the displacement of the gingival soft tissue margin apical to the cementoenamel junction which results in exposure of the root surface. Nowadays, there is a high prevalence of periodontal disease worldwide, and knowing the etiology is basic for its control. The etiology and prevalence of gingival recession the journal of. There are certain factors which may increase the risk of significant recession, and likewise a. Enamel loss with exposed dentin due to attrition in normal function, the tubules sclerose and become plugged, and when dentin is cut or abraded the mineralized matrix. The recession process was examined at intervals by taking transverse serial sections. According to the us national survey, 88% of seniors age 65 and over and 50% of adults 18 to 64 present recession in one or more sites. The occurrence and severity of the gingival recession present. Etiology, gingival recession, predisposing factors, prevalence, young adults.
Dec 30, 2014 gingival recession gr is a common periodontal condition that affects a large portion of the young and adult population and negatively affects the esthetic aspects of the smile. Aetiology and severity of gingival recession in an adult. Traumatically using the tooth brush as well as other oral hygiene agents over delicate gingival margins on a daily basis might gradually and slowly lead to gingival recession over the years. Gingival recession is the term that designates the oral exposure of the root surface due to a. More than 50 percent of the pop ulation has one or more sites with gingival. It has been described as relatively complex in terms of its multifactorial cause, variable subjective outcomes, and continuously evolving treatment modalities, but it appears to present a simple objective.
Pdf etiology and occurrence of gingival recession an. Gingival recession was observed in at least one dental surface in about 89 %. The treatment of the gingival recession in the last years includes gingival grafting procedures. Gingival recession management a clinical manual adrian. Gingival recession is the most common and undesirable condition of the gingiva. Emphasis should be made on awareness of various periodontal problems and preventive methods to avoid future tooth loss in younger adults. Prevalence of gingival recession after orthodontic. If you continue browsing the site, you agree to the use of cookies on this website. Gingival recession gr has been defined as an apical shift of the gingival margin over the cementenamel junction cej and the exposure of the root surface to the oral environment.
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